The White King of Europe
Goldstein version
Told by Pius Power Sr. on August 5, 1987, at the home of Pius Power Jr., Southeast Bight, Placentia Bay. Those present were Kenneth Goldstein, Pius Power Jr., and Anita Best (recording). (MUNFLA 87-117)
Well, there was one time
in olden times
in farmers’ times
it wasn’t in your time
or my time
but there was a man times ago
there was a man and a woman got married
and they had one son
and they called him Jack.
Well, now, Jack was a very smart young man.
I don’t know how they didn’t call him Pius.
But [laughter] that’s—that’s a different idea.
But Jack was a very smart young man
and he grew up.
Time after time
and there was nobody there, only theirselves
so he said—one day he said to . . . his mother
you know, Mother, he said
I can’t spend me lifetime here, he said
I think, he said
I’m going to seek me fortune.
So, he said
you bake me a cake
and roast me a hen, he said
and I think I’ll be on me way.
Well . . . she thought very hard of her son going
but there was only himself
and—but still she couldn’t keep him in.
She couldn’t keep him home.
She knew he wanted to go make his life some other way.
So she baked him the cake
and Jack started off.
He come to the side of a dribbly brook, sat down to eat a bit and drink a drop
and who come along but a little red-headed fellow.
And he said, Jack!
Jack said, what is that?
Would you give me the crumbs drops from your bread, he said
to save the life of meself and me children?
Indeed I won’t, says Jack.
Because, he said
the crumbs that falls from my bread is only good for the little birds, he said
that’s flying from tree to tree, he said.
They’re hungry, too.
But, he said
I’ll tell you what I’ll do. I’ll give you half what I have.
So Jack cut his cake in two halves
cut his hen in two halves
and give it to the red-headed fellow.
Now Jack, he said
I’m very thankful to you.
And, he said
I’m going to tell you something’ll be of service to you, he said.
Not far from here, he said
there’s a kingdom.
And, he said
there’s—there’s a very . . . sad thing going to happen there now, he said
in a . . . short while, he said.
The King’s daughter, she’s going to be destroyed, he said
with a—a dragon that comes from the sea.
And, he said
you’re going to be the man, he said
to prevent it.
So, he said
here’s a little stick I’ll give you.
And, he said
whatever you tells this stick to do, he said,
there’s no such thing as that stick stop—going back, he said
till you tells it.
And, he said
there’s nothing can daunt that stick.
And, he said
here’s a sword, he said
that I’ll give you, he said
the sword of sharpness.
Now, he said
she’s for protection for yourself, he said.
they might need somebody
and you’ll get service there.
So . . . Jack goes to the King—went there
and when he went there he asked to see the King
and begar, the King come
and he asked him about work.
Yes, me boy, he said
you can get work.
But, he said
I don’t know, he said
whether it’d suit you or no, he said
you have to sleep in a stable.
And, he said
you have to drive the cattle, every morning, he said
to graze.
Alright, sir, Jack said.
That’s number one for me.
Well, he said
that’s alright.
So, he said
you have to be up early in the morning, he said
and take the cattle, they’re there, he said
and drive them . . . on pasture.
But, he said
there’s one thing I am going to tell you.
And be sure, he said
and don’t do it!
Jack said, what is that?
He said, there’s three giants live here, he said
in the kingdom.
Well, he said
on the—afar off.
And, he said
anything goes on their land, he said
remains there.
And, he said
probably, he said
they might destroy the kingdom.
Ah, that’s alright, sir, Jack said
I won’t have nothing to do with them.
So in the morning Jack got up, went to the old cows.
Sure, they were too hungry and too feeble, almost, to walk, they were so miserable.
Oh, Jack thought that they were shocking things! [laughter]
Bones sticking out through their skin, and everything.
Well, Jack . . . ordered them along till he went to where he told him the pasture was
and sure, there was nothing there for the poor cattle to eat.
Jack watched them for a little bit
and by ’m’ by (by and by) he looked yonder
and he see the—this big field full of . . . hay waving.
Begod, Jack said
here’s the place, he said
for the cows.
Over Jack goes
and when Jack goes, he sees this is the giants’ land.
But, sure, Jack didn’t care about that. He opened the gate
and let the cows in!
Jack lay down in the grass for to have a nap
and he wasn’t very long lay down
when he heard the ground trembling under him.
When he looks up this is a monstrous great giant!
Oh, boy, what a—what a man!
He said, hello.
Jack said, hello, sir, Jack said.
A beautiful fine day.
Beautiful for you! he said.
’Tis your last day.
Oh, Jack said
I wouldn’t say that, anyway.
But he said
you . . .’re never taking them cows, he said
off of this land
or you’re not going off of it yourself.
Well, sir . . . Jack said.
Did the King send you here?
No, sir, Jack said
the King didn’t send me here, he said.
In fact, he said
I was over there, he said
that’s where the King sent me.
There’s nothing over there, he said
only rocks and earth.
Nothing can live, he said
on rocks and earth.
This lovely farm here—field here, he said
and the grass growing
I thought ’twas a lovely place, he said
for the cows, so, he said
I brought ’em in.
Yes, he said
and you’ll never bring ’em out. You won’t be going out yourself, either.
Oh, Jack says, sir, that’s for you to know and me to find out.
But, he said
I thinks, he said
when I’m ready, I’m going.
So the old giant . . . got a bit saucy with Jack
and he ris his club for to make a smack at Jack.
Sure, if he struck him he’d kill him
but sure, he never struck him.
Well, Jack said
is that the kind of fellows ye are, he said
start to fight a man—fight a fellow, he said
with sticks, without a warning?
Jack said, I have one of them sticks, too.
Jack whipped his—’twas like a billy, whipped it off of his belt
and sot it down on the ground.
You beat him down, Jack said
till I can get at him.
Oh, and the stick began to beat around the old giant
he couldn’t do nothing at all, because he couldn’t fend off the stick.
By ’m’ by down he comes on . . . one knee.
Jack, he said
call off—make that stick knock off!
Jack said, you’re getting handier. [laughter]
And he started in
and he welted away at the giant still
and by ’m’ by he come down on the two knees.
Oh, Jack, he said
you spare my life, he said
and I’ll give you the key of my treasure, he said
and a horsewhip and army, he said
a suit of me own, he said
the color of the . . . moon, he said
and I’ll make a rich man of you all the days of your life.
Hell’s flames with you now, Jack said.
That I’ll have
and your life, too.
With that, Jack up sword
and chopped the head on him. He fell down in a pile.
But in the evening—oh, Jack had his nap
and in the evening he . . . drove home the cows
and when he drove home the cows, oh my, there was—the place was . . . bustin’ with milk.
And now this—this—all this racket is coming on the old King.
There’s a dragon . . . prophesied for to come from the sea to destroy his daughter.
The town is out of milk
and when Jack come with the milk, they had lots of milk
and everything was going high-swing that night.
But . . . the old King said to Jack
Jack—talking away to Jack
and Jack asked him what was he so down in the mouth about.
Well, Jack, he said
I am down in the mouth, but, he said
I have to take . . . the Princess tomorrow, he said
tomorrow morning, he said
and we have to bring her out
and chain her on, he said
and bring her out, he said
and set her on the beach, on the strand, he said
there’s a dragon supposed to come from the sea.
And if he don’t destroy the—if he don’t get the Princess, he said
he’s going to destroy the kingdom.
Well, Jack said
I’m after hearing some silly things, but he said
I think that’s the silliest thing I heard yet. [laughter]
He said to the old King, he said
Haven’t ye got no warriors here?
Oh, yes, he said
there’s one, I have one fellow here, he said
he’s next man to me, he said
he’s called the Dashyman, he said.
He’s going out to see what he can do.
And Jack said
haven’t ye got men?
Oh, yes, he said.
Jack said, why wouldn’t you give him twenty men with him?
Sure, he said
twenty men besides himself, he said
that’d be more—better, wouldn’t it?
Well, he said
’tis a good idea.
Ah, Jack said
not worthwhile letting him go out there by himself
and you with an army of men.
So that was alright.
But that night there was no sign of those old giants
there were two of them roaring
but the other fellow never made no noise at all.
And the old Queen said to the King, she said
the cows got a great grazing today, she said.
And there’s one of them giants not there tonight, she said.
I wonder did that new cow boy, she said
and drove in the cows on the giants’ land?
No, he said
I warned him not.
So . . . begod, he went to the trouble to go warn Jack about it again.
So Jack said
yes, sir, I knows all about that.
So . . . in the morning, Jack goes out, drives out his—drives out his cattle
puts ’em in on the giants’ land.
He only just had ’em in . . . when the old giant come down
and . . . flew into Jack.
Jack, he said
do you know, he said
you killed my young brother yesterday morning
and his bones is not cold yet.
Hmph, Jack said.
Your brother, he said
is a very ignorant person.
He said he’d kill me, he said.
And, Jack said
it was only in self-defense.
Ah, Jack, he said
I’ll soon make . . . small bones of you.
He made the smack with the club but Jack jumped away.
Well, Jack said
you have the trick as your brother, using the sticks.
So Jack hauled out his stick
and by ’m’ by he started, but
he had two heads!
By ’m’ by the old giant come down on a leg and a knee
and . . . Jack said
you’re getting handier all the time.
By ’m’ by—Jack, he said
you call off that, you make that stick knock off.
Well, Jack said
no.
Stick beat away at the old giant
and by ’m’ by he got down on the two knees.
Oh, Jack, he said.
I’ll give you the keys of my treasure, a horsewhip and army
and a suit of my own, he said
the color of the sun.
And that’ll make a rich man of you, he said
all the days of your life.
Hell’s flames to you now, sir, Jack said.
That I’ll have and your life, too.
And Jack took—Jack up sword
and nicked the two heads off of him.
He fell down in a pile.
But now Jack have something to do, because he have to go to the beach, now.
Because the dragon is going to be there at noon
or they thinks he is. [coughs]
Out he goes
and Jack went out. The cattle is grazing away
and Jack goes out.
The lady never see Jack. She didn’t know who he was.
Jack goes out
and when . . . Jack went out
and started talking to her
and she told him what she was there for.
She had her . . . sewing
and that’s what she had to employ her till the dragon’d come from the sea to destroy her.
She had scissors and a ball
and thread and stuff like that.
She said to Jack, she said
you have no fear!
By God, Jack said
’tis fear have me here, I s’pose.
So—but anyway, Jack said
sure we can talk till he comes. If he’s going to destroy you, he won’t destroy me
and sure, Jack said
if he wants me, he can have me, I s’pose.
Oh, no, she said.
He won’t destroy you, I don’t s’pose, but, she said
I don’t—wouldn’t wish for you to be here.
Oh, Jack said
I’m going to stay here anyway, to see what’s going to happen. [clears throat]
So Jack—while Jack was waiting for the dragon to come he dozed, laid his head back in her lap
and he fell to sleep.
But the lady—she never see the fellow before
but she took the scissors
and clipped out a lock of hair out of Jack’s head
and put it in her sewing basket.
And by and by the dragon did appear.
When the lady see the dragon, sure she let the screech and fainted.
Jack stayed where he was to
and sent out his stick.
But the stick beat the dragon back in the sea.
Oh, that was alright.
When the dragon was beat back in the sea, this . . . Dashyman . . . goes out
and they got in the mud
and they got into the sand
and they got all kinds of tatters on theirselves . . . where they were fighting the dragon. [laughs]
And when they goes, Jack goes back that evening with the cows
the old King—that’s all he—the old King was able to say, was the Dashyman.
And the last going-off he said that.
Every word he spoke to Jack, he said the Dashyman.
Last going-off, Jack said
who in the name of Christ are you talking about?
The Dashyman, Dashyman, Jack said.
What did he do?
Oh, Jack, he said
he saved my daughter!
Himself? said Jack.
Oh, no, he said
I done what you told me, he said
I give him twenty men.
There you are, Jack said
should give him twenty more tomorrow, he said
to make up forty. ’Cause, Jack said
he might be a little powerfuller tomorrow.
Good idea, said—Jack, he said.
So . . . when the old King went up
and the old Queen started to tell him about the cows having the milk
and they were—oh, they couldn’t clear away the milk. Cows getting up—
and so everything getting so hearty, he said
well, the old King said
nah, nah, he said
Jack is not at it. No, he said
the—he’s a good cow boy, he said
he . . . looks after the cows
and sees, he said
the best places.
So . . . that was alright.
The next morning Jack gets up.
They takes the lady now, if she’s out there one day
and she got clear—
she takes the lady
and they brings her out.
Jack goes on with his cattle
but he didn’t put them on—on the—
on ne’er one of the—the fields he had ’em on the day before.
What did he do, only brings ’em in
and puts ’em on in the other fellow’s field
because Jack didn’t—wanted to have a wrestle with him, too.
Puts ’em in on the old giant’s—other old giant’s field.
God, he wasn’t very long here when the old giant come.
Well, he was a monstrous great man with three heads.
And he was pretty tough!
Jack, he said
what brought you here?
Oh, Jack says
I don’t know what brought me here, but, he said
I’m here anyway.
Jack, he said
do you know you killed my youngest brother yesterday—day before yesterday.
Oh, Jack said
I killed a fellow. I don’t know whether he was your brother or no.
Yes, he said
you killed me young—me other brother yesterday, he said.
And the marrow in his bones is not cold yet.
Well, Jack said
both of them fellows, he said
was very saucy fellows.
And, he said
you know, he said
they’d kill me if they were able.
And, he said
I only killed them in self-defense, because, he said
they’re very ignorant.
And when it comes to a man’s part, he said
I don’t think they were able to make a man’s part in any way.
Ah then, Jack, he said
I’ll take the man’s part with you.
With that, he made the smack of the club, same as the other, which—
Jack—missed—jumped clear of the club, and—
well, Jack said
I have a stick, too.
So Jack hauled out his stick
and sends him at the old giant.
’Twasn’t very long before he come down on one leg and a knee
but the stick kept at him, he never asked Jack to slack up . . . the stick.
By ’m’ by he come down on the two knees.
And when he come down on the two knees
gar, Jack said
you’re getting handier.
Ah, Jack, he said
I’ll—I’ll grind your bones, he said
to make me bread.
A very good job, says Jack
but you’ll only have . . . two heads to grind it, though.
With that, Jack up sword
and chopped off one of his heads.
And when the head came off
Begod, he used to blow out smoke and fire through that.
Jack had a nice bit of . . . work.
But by ’m’ by Jack got a snig at the other head
and knocked that half off.
Oh, Jack, he said, spare me my life! I’ll give you the keys of my treasure, me horsewhip and army
and a suit of my own, he said
the color of the clouds, he said
that’ll make a rich man of you, he said
all the days of your life.
Hell with doing good now, Jack said.
That I haves and your life too.
And with that, Jack up sword
and chopped the head off of him.
He fell down in a pile.
Now Jack hadn’t got much time, because . . . he was after leaving in the morning
putting the cows on the pasture, killing a giant, you know
and then to get to—at noon to be to the—to a beach, for to . . . fight a dragon.
Well, ’twas—he hadn’t got much time to spare.
But when he walked out, the lady was there
and when she come, she said—
Jack asked her, she didn’t—she didn’t know it was Jack, she didn’t know it was the same fellow
but she told him about—
Jack said, I didn’t know there was anyone here, he said.
I just come out for a walk.
And then she told him what she was there for.
Oh, Jack said
in that case I’ll keep you in company.
She said, you got no fear.
Jack said, ’tis fear have me here.
And . . . Jack lay back in her arms a bit. He wasn’t very long when he dozed off to sleep.
But as quick as he—Jack dozed . . . she took the scissors
and cut the clip out of his head.
Because she’s thinking now she’s going to have the courage to watch this going on today.
But when the dragon come out of the sea, he was blowing fire and smoke.
The lady couldn’t stand it but she fainted.
And Jack sent out his stick
And he beat the dragon back in the sea.
But Jack knows he have to be killed tomorrow. [laughs]
The two giants—the three giants is gone now
but the dragon have to be killed the morrow.
So . . . that’s very good.
When the Dashyman and them found out the dragon was gone back in the sea
they didn’t see what put the dragon back, or they didn’t see Jack
’cause they were too far back in for to see Jack.
And—uh—the lady come to
and they brought her back to the kingdom.
Well, they were all . . . tattered up with mud and stuff like that
so then they were all, into a big fight with the dragon.
Told Jack that
when Jack came home that night with the cows.
Well, the old King could say nothing at all, only the Dashyman.
Every word he wanted to speak to Jack, every word was the Dashyman
Jack said, for Christ’s sake, Master, he said
can’t you forget that whatever, Dashyman?
what is he or who is he or what did he do?
Saved me daughter.
Himself? said Jack.
Oh, no, he said
he had forty men. You told me, he said
to give him forty.
Oh, Jack said, I’d give him forty more the morrow, according to that.
So . . . that night there was ne’er giant roaring,
so the old Queen said to the King, old King, she said
there’s something . . . wrong, she said
them giants is gone, she said.
They’re not here.
Oh, he said
that was the—why, he said
that’s why they were roaring, he said
they were going somewhere, he said
some mischief, he said.
Or . . . perhaps, he said
they had a hand in that dragon.
She said—that’s all the old Queen said about it.
So the next morning, Jack gets up, takes his cows
and he brought ’em out
and shoved ’em in on the pasture.
He knows this is going to be the big day.
He goes out
but the lady have a—kind of slight idea of him now
because she have two scallops out of his head.
And—and when Jack lay down she knew damn well she was going to get the other one.
And uh—she cut the other . . . scallop out of his head
and—but she talked away.
Jack . . . made out he was asleep
and [yawns] by ’m’ by the dragon come.
Oh me boy, he was pretty savage.
He had three heads.
He was blowing fire and blowing smoke. [laughter]
He was doing everything.
But . . . the lady didn’t faint.
But Jack thought she did
but she didn’t.
And Jack goes down, himself and his stick.
When the stick . . . beat his head . . . back, he turned in the tail.
And when he turned in the tail, Jack took the sword
and chopped the tail off of him.
And when he turned back the head to bite
Jack took the sword, took one of his heads off.
And he done that until he had the three heads there on the—the strand.
And the dragon, he coiled up
and went back to the—in the sea in a pile, he was finished!
Jack went back to his cattle.
The lady didn’t know ’twas—’twas their cow boy.
Now . . . be (by) the holy Dublin
when Jack come back—when the—that night ’twas a shocking time.
Jack went
and all the old King . . . was talking about was the Dashyman.
But Jack didn’t contradict him very much that night.
But he said to Jack, he said
they’re going, he said—
he said the lady, he said
is—haven’t got the—they haven’t got the lady’s hand in marriage, he said
until . . . there’s going to be a giving-out, he said.
And Jack said
very good, he said.
Jack said, I s’pose he’s sure of her?
Oh, yes, pretty sure of her, he said
he’s the man that . . . fought for her
and beat back the dragon.
So . . . that’s alright.
They had the big giving-out.
Everyone is invited
rich and poor
gentle and simple was invited in the hall.
When all hands was around
but what did the old Queen discover, only their cow boy is not there.
She went and she said to the old King, she said
my oh my oh my, she said
isn’t that shockin’? After all, she said
that we did go through
and that cow boy, she said
supplied the town, she said
with milk
and done his part so well.
And now, she said
he’s not even—you never invited him.
Oh, the old King was frightened to death now.
Now, he said
we’ll have to invite him, he said
right away. But, he said
we wants this over and done with
because there’s a—another king coming on him.
Now he was called the White King of Europe.
He was coming to break down a war on him, on this King.
So . . . he gets a car man to rights
and sends for Jack to come . . . to the . . . party.
Jack said, yes
he’d be there in a few minutes, when he’d get washed up.
Told the car man to go on.
He said, I won’t be long, I’ll be there.
When the—after the car man left
Jack . . . goes out, calls on . . . his . . . suit of his own, the color of the clouds
and he went in a cloud, see?
Jack went in a cloud to the old King’s.
And when the old King see the cloud coming he—he runs out
and fell down on his two knees to beg pardon from this King
because of what was taking place.
He thought that there, that this King was going to break down the war.
And Jack said
sure, you damn old fool, didn’t you send for me?
Well, he didn’t, no. He forgot.
He never see the cloud then, Jack was there. Oh, Jack, he was sorry
and all that
and told Jack about this King was going to break down.
Went in, sat down in the hall, this great big hall.
And . . . everyone was sat down.
The lady said
now, she said
everyone . . . have to be seated.
And . . . they were going around with the dragons’ heads
and all that.
And by ’m’ by they come to Jack.
And Jack said—that’s—a fellow brought the head over to Jack.
Jack looked at the head.
Well, Jack said
what happened the top of his tongue?
I thought, he said
that dragon had tops on his tongues.
Oh, that was nothing. That’s got cut off in the battle where they were killing the dragon.
Oh, Jack said
I know, he said
the top was—I noticed, he said
the top was gone off the tongue.
So . . . the lady, she knowed, when Jack said it, the top was gone off of his tongue.
She knew right well then, ’twas Jack.
’Twas Jack killed the dragon
because she knew he had ’em
when he spoke about the—there was no one didn’t notice that before—
about the top being gone off of the dragon’s tongue, only Jack.
And . . . so . . . now, she said
everyone here around, she said
have to take off their caps.
Well, that was it. So they took off their caps
and she went around.
She held out the three locks of hair.
Whoever these three locks of hair, she said
fits, she said
that’s the person killed the dragon. Because, she said
I knows. I knows who killed the dragon, she said
I saw him. I—first two days, she said
I fainted. But the last day, she said
I didn’t.
And, she said
I have a lock of hair—three locks of hair, she said
and whatever head that fits, she said
that’s . . . the man have my hand in marriage.
All hands had off their caps
and begod, by ’m’ by, she goes over to Jack
and when she goes over, she stuck in the three locks of hair.
Fitted.
So . . . she said, you’re the man that killed the dragon.
Yeah. I s’pose so, Jack said.
When you—when the hair fitted the notches, he said
and I’ll give to you the tongues.
So Jack stuck his hand in his pocket
and he handed out the tops of the tongues.
So Jack and the . . . lady was married.
But I was to that weddin’.
B’y they had an awful time!
The last time I saw them they were sat down to a tin table eating.
The tin table bended.
Tin table had to be stronger, my story’d be longer.
They had coffee for tea when I come away
and if they didn’t live happy, I hope we may. [laughs]
[KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: That’s lovely.
ANITABEST: He never put on his suit the color of the clouds and all that.
PIUS POWER: No, just—
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: Just, just the one, just the color of the clouds.
PIUS POWER: Yeah. That’s all, that’s the only suit he put on was the color of the clouds.
ANITA BEST: But he fought three battles though; that’s another fellow, was it?
PIUS POWER: Oh, yes, yes—
PIUS POWER JR.: No, that was—
PIUS POWER: Oh, Jesus, ’Nita—
ANITA BEST: Oh, no, there’s another story where he—
PIUS POWER JR.: No, no, he never had to put on a suit to fight that dragon. He had his stick. The stick done the fighting for him that time.
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: That’s great. Okay, okay.
ANITA BEST: There’s another story where he do put on his suit.
PIUS POWER: Yeah.
PIUS POWER JR.: He only put on one suit, see, to go and meet the King. That’s why he—
PIUS POWER: He only put on the one suit, see, and this is why the King thought ’twas the other King was coming to break down war on him. And he went out and got down on his knees.
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: Did you learn that from the same man?
PIUS POWER: Ah, the same man, sir. The same fellow.
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: He had all these stories.
PIUS POWER: Yeah, stories?
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: Did other people tell stories, too?
PIUS POWER: Oh, yes, sir. Pretty well all the old timers. Yeah. Pretty well.
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: Stories like that?
PIUS POWER: Yeah. Pretty—that’s them are the kind they used to tell, pretty well, yeah.
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: Yeah. And when would they tell them?
PIUS POWER: Eh?
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: When would they tell these stories? When would they tell these stories?
PIUS POWER: Oh, now, well. Just the same as we’re here now. See? Now, in our growing-up. We’re young men, we’ll say, and youngsters, and some of us is after girls and we goes to somebody’s house, perhaps there’s some fellow you know, is just dating some old fellow’s daughter. Perhaps he have two daughters there; perhaps there’s a couple of—but sure, all hands is there. All hands is there because the most of us fellows, if one fellow got out with the other fellow’s daughter, we’d—if we had one of our own we’d run away to hide somewhere for to get to listen to them, for the fun the next day. Well, let me tell—that was about the part of it. If you got one word, it’d do you, because, one word the next day mentioned to the girl. Damn you, you were listening! And she’d tell you the whole story then, see? [laughs] What they were talking about and all, you’d get it all for nothing. All you had to do—one word’d do you. Yeah.
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: So, how old would you have been then? How old would you have been then? You’re not a youngster anymore. Now you’re, you’re old enough to be—
PIUS POWER: My God, sir, I was on the go when I was nine years old.
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: Right, but when.
PIUS POWER: But those fellows now, those other fellows, see, they’d be, well, older than me. They’d have the ladies and . . . we’d go—all hands’d be there for the—
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: So, the—these stories weren’t told only to children then?
PIUS POWER: Oh, the stories was told around everywhere, sir. Among the old and young. Yeah. Stories. Some fellow’d tell a story and some other fellow’d say, sing a song, boy. The house’d be full, like—
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: Yeah?
PIUS POWER: It wasn’t, we weren’t all in the one house. Perhaps, perhaps there was a dozen houses now, that, that crowd was in.
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: Yeah.
PIUS POWER: Perhaps. Now there’d be some fellows from where ’Nita come from—Merasheen. Perhaps they were over, looking for squid, in the fall of the year, in the Jigging Cove. Well, they’d be over to Brewers’. That’s where they’d all be. Well, no, what could straighten out on the floor, ’cause there was no carpet or canvas then.
KENNETH GOLDSTEIN: Right.
PIUS POWER: What could straighten out on the floor’d be there! And they’d be telling stories and singing songs and . . . all this kind of stuff.]
ATU 314A The Shepherd and the Three Giants
Motifs:
- Z 10.1. Beginning formula.
- Compare F 451.2.7.1. Dwarfs with red heads and red caps.
- D 817. Magic object received from grateful person.
- D 1401.1. Magic club (stick) beats person.
- L 113.1.6. Cowherd hero.
- G 100. Giant ogre. Polyphemus.
- G 512.1. Ogre killed with knife (sword).
- B 11.10. Sacrifice of human being to dragon.
- F 531.1.2.2.1. Two-headed giant.
- H 83. Rescue tokens. Proof that hero has succeeded in rescue.
- F 531.1.2.2.2. Three-headed giant.
- B 11.2.3.2. Three-headed dragon.
- H 335.3.1. Suitor task: to kill dragon to whom the princess is to be sacrificed.
- Compare R 222. Unknown knight. (Three days’ tournament.) For three days in succession an unknown knight in different armor wins a tournament and escapes without recognition.
- H 105.1.1. False dragon-head proof. Impostor cuts off dragon heads (after tongues have been removed) and attempts to use them as proof of slaying the dragon.
- H 105.1. Dragon-tongue proof. Dragon slayer cuts out the tongues and uses them later to prove his identity as slayer.
- L 161. Lowly hero marries princess.
- Z 10.2. End formula.
Comments
This tale type is not represented in Folktales of Newfoundland. The closely related ATU 300 The Dragon-Slayer, does appear, however (Halpert and Widdowson 1996, no. 2, 7–19, and no. 23, 253–73, which includes the cattle-herding, giant-killing, and dragon-destroying elements of ATU 314A). A masculine tale type, ATU 314A presents some of the classic confrontations in a working man’s life. On leaving home the young man must deal with employers—Kings—who make unreasonable demands. The tale type combines easily with unmagical labor contract tales (ATU 1000 to 1029). Folktales of Newfoundland also offers another tale that could serve as a revenge fantasy for a downtrodden farmhand (no. 68, 619–27). Having defeated giants and gained their weapons and armor, the youth has the resources he needs to slay a dragon, win the Princess, and overcome her father’s resistance to him as a husband for his daughter.
Writing of the closely related type 314, Holbek suggests, “The hero lives a double life [cow herd/giant-killer] . . . Obviously, this structure is a perfect frame for daydreaming” (1987, 632). The daydream for a young man in a peasant economy would be to acquire enough land or other resources to enable him to marry. In Alice’s “The Ship That Sailed over Land and Water,” below, Jack can decline his father-in-law’s offer of a castle because he already has his own, which he took from the giant. Pius’s hero is equally self-assured in his handling of the King; he has made a fortune by giant-killing before he saves the Princess from the dragon. His future father-in-law can not intimidate him.
In this tale Pius displays his gift for social comedy: the King is a dotard, besotted by his courtier the cowardly Dashyman, a puzzling name but exactly right for a blowhard. The Queen is more astute and quickly suspects that there is more to Jack than appears. Women were often the power behind the throne in Newfoundland outport life, whether as the skipper of the shore crew in a family fishery—the person who took charge of the salting and drying of the men’s catch of codfish—or the matriarch of a merchant enterprise (Murray 1979; Neis 1999).
We are fortunate here to have two tellings of the same story, and they are impressive examples of how a narrative with the same contours is recomposed for its current circumstances, as oral-formulaic theory indicates (see Foley 1988). The first appearing here was told in 1989 to a group of family and friends, which we call the “friends” version, and the second, the “Goldstein” version, was told in 1987 at the behest of the outsider American folklorist Kenneth Goldstein (1927–1995), whose collecting efforts provided the motor for the recording of most of Pius’s stories here. The latter is somewhat shorter, but we have included the discussion about the story between Pius, Goldstein, and others present that followed Pius’s telling.
The Goldstein and friends versions open almost identically, with Pius’s now-familiar evocative beginning, taking his listeners to “olden” and “farmers’ ” time, not “your time” or “my time,” but “times ago”—but the friends version returns briefly to the circumstances of telling with a reference to Pius Jr.’s presence. The Goldstein tale introduces Jack more thoroughly, perhaps because Pius doesn’t take it for granted that an outsider like his American folklorist visitor would know that this Jack, like so many others, is “a smart young man.” Jokingly noting that his hero is like him, Pius demonstrates an appropriate self-confidence in front of a professor from St. John’s, who could be understood as an authority figure.
The formula of the request that the mother “bake me a cake and roast me a hen” also appears in Pius’s cat story, where it helps to distinguish the attitude to the three brothers, Bill, Tom, and Jack. But here, Jack is the sole (and singular) child. The encounter with the “red-headed fellow,” with whom Jack crucially and wisely shares his food, follows in both, as does the helper’s grateful instruction. But for Goldstein, Pius lets his hearers know exactly what will happen; spoiler notwithstanding, he tells them about the King’s daughter and the dragon. For the friends he simply lets his hearers know that Jack might get the job of stable boy, and “may get [the King’s] daughter.” Pius’s Goldstein version proceeds quite quickly through the instruction about the stick and sword, whereas for the friends he reflects more amply on these implements’ remarkable qualities.
In both, the King himself comes out and hires Jack. The friends version has more extensive question and answer between the two. Whereas the friends version gives the implicitly threatening note that Jack hears the giants’ roars and howls, the Goldstein details the sorry condition of the cows Jack herds and lets the hearers know explicitly that he is in trouble by having the giant threaten that this is Jack’s “last day.” Though Pius describes the giant as “saucy” in the Goldstein version, Jack himself saucily talks back to the giant in the friends version, whereas he mainly uses logic in the Goldstein, insisting that it’s only reasonable for him to pasture the cows on the giants’ land, where there is plenty of hay. Cutting more quickly to the chase, the Goldstein Jack initially fights one giant compared to the other version’s three in sequence, one after another. The emphasis that Jack brings an abundance of milk to a grateful kingdom is absent in the friends version.
In the Goldstein version, Pius again lets his listeners know exactly how he feels about maltreating women when he suggests that the King’s plan to chain his daughter on the beach for the dragon is “the silliest thing I heard yet.” And having set out his plan for the Dashyman to have help in his quest to save the Princess, Pius in Goldstein returns to take care of a second giant, but then heads for the beach and dragon. There’s more detail and direct discussion in the friends version between Jack and the Princess. And again, the encounter with the third giant is immediately followed by Jack heading to the beach to take care of the dragon.
Pius may not have intended the sequence in Goldstein. Jack dispatches first a one-headed giant, then a two-headed giant; beats back the dragon; kills the three-headed giant; beats back the dragon a second time, and then at the third encounter finally kills the dragon. The friends version offers Jack vanquishing three giants in a row, and then sending the dragon back to the sea twice, and the third time killing it. Nevertheless, in both versions, Pius manages all the characters: the timid King, the intelligent Queen, and the cowardly and tricky Dashyman, who is happy to take credit for Jack’s work and wants to steal the Princess.
The Queen not only understands that Jack has killed the giants in sequence, she also ensures that the King invites him to the celebration of the end of the dragon. In Goldstein she berates her husband for his churlish behavior in not inviting someone who “done his part so well.” In friends, she points out that “if there had to be a drought on milk . . . / all hands’d be gone.” In Goldstein, this is the point at which the hearers learn about the White King and that “the old King was frightened to death” of him. In friends, he simply says that “he forgot,” that “it slipped his mind.” It is Jack’s “suit the color of the clouds” that makes the King think Jack is the White King. He is wrong about so many things, and equally misreads the Dashyman and Jack.
The Princess, like her mother, figures out what is going on. She recognizes, and explicitly says, that Jack has “no fear” and is smart enough to realize that things might not go well, so she devises a ruse by which Jack’s identity as dragon-killer can be confirmed. The three locks of hair she takes from Jack are her counterpart to the three dragon tongue tops. Although she faints, the Princess knows very well who saved her. In friends, she doesn’t immediately recognize him because before “he was only in rags.” In Goldstein she seems to know, and brings out the locks of hair, quickly followed by Jack producing the tongue tops. In Goldstein, abruptly then “Jack and the lady was married.”
But friends has a lengthy revelation scene in which Jack refuses to take off his cap, and the Princess shows the locks of hair, narrating to her father what actually happened—that Jack, not the Dashyman, killed the dragon, which Jack proves by showing the dragon’s tongue tops. Jack modestly says that “to fight the dragon . . . / ’twasn’t much trouble. He’s the harmlessest beast . . . / that ever walked.” The Queen chooses this moment to ask “where is the giants. . . . that used to roar in the night?” More banter ensues, and Jack jokes that “they killed theirselves.” In the conclusion, the Princess clearly indicates her choice: “that’s the man . . . / I’m goin’ to marry.” Similarly, the concluding formula is short in Goldstein but embellished in friends, with dancing, fiddle-playing, a hangover, and breakfast, as well as a more extended discussion of Pius’s preference for coffee.
We note that in neither version does the title character, the White King of Europe, figure prominently—or much at all. (And again, the location is epiphenomenal.) The White King himself never actually appears in either story, and is only mentioned once in the Goldstein version, when the father of the Princess mistakes Jack for the White King “coming to break down a war on him.” The White King is named only once more in the friends version, again because the primary king wrongly thinks Jack is he. However, Pius affirms at the end of that version that “The White King of Europe” “was the name of that story.”
A more extended battle against a rival king is the focus of “The Suit the Color of the Clouds,” immediately below. The two stories have other commonalities: unsurprisingly, given the title, magical clothing, but also the red-headed helper and three giants. And there are more giants from both Alice and Pius, another dragon, and another red-headed fellow.